====== Install Armbian to a SATA drive ======

===== Automatic installation with nand-sata-install =====

<code bash>
sudo nand-sata-install
</code>

The installer seems to optimize the harddrive settings in /etc/fstab for ssd's and flash drives. For traditional harddrives i modified the settings and turned on the filesystem check. [[projekte:banana-pro:install-armbian-to-a-sata-drive#editingetcfstab_and_installing_smartmontools|Editing fstab and installing smartmontools]]
===== Manual installation steps =====

This guide might not be up to date. Check the other sources as well if you run into troubles.

Sources:\\
[[http://www.htpcguides.com/move-linux-banana-pi-sata-setup/]]\\
[[https://forum.htpcguides.com/Thread-Problem-pointing-boot-to-hdd]]\\
[[https://blog.doenselmann.com/banana-pi-mit-ssd-hdd-betreiben/]]

<code bash sata.sh>
# switch to su
sudo su

lsblk

fdisk /dev/sda
# show partitions on drive by pressing p
# delete old partitions by pressing d (attention! data loss!)
# write changes to partition table by pressing w

fdisk /dev/sda
# create new partition by pressing n
# type primary p
# partition number 1
# default first and last sector (use whole disk)

#format drive as ext4
mke2fs -t ext4 -L rootfs /dev/sda1

#copy root fs from sd card to the harddrive
sudo mkdir /tmp/sata
mount /dev/sda1 /tmp/sata
rsync -arx --progress / /tmp/sata

# edit boot.cmd
mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /boot
nano /boot/boot/boot.cmd
# change first line from root=/dev/mmcblk0p1 to root=/dev/sda1
setenv bootargs "console=tty1 root=/dev/sda1 rootwait rootfstype=ext4 cgroup-enable=memory swapaccount=1 sunxi_ve_mem_reserve=0 sunxi_g2d_mem_reserve=0 sunxi_no_mali_mem_reserve sunxi_fb_mem_reserve=16 hdmi.audio=EDID:0 disp.screen0_output_mode=1920x1080p60 panic=10 consoleblank=0 enforcing=0 loglevel=1"
# save and close file
# recompile boot.cmd to boot.scr
mkimage -C none -A arm -T script -d /boot/boot/boot.cmd /boot/boot/boot.scr

# edit fstab to mount drive on boot
nano /tmp/sata/etc/fstab
# set line with /dev/mmcblk0p1 to
/dev/sda1	/           ext4    defaults,noatime,nodiratime,data=writeback,commit=600,errors=remount-rw        0       0
# sync changes on harddrive to sd card
sync
# or edit the fstab file on the sd card as well: nano /etc/fstab

# reboot system
reboot
</code>

===== Editing /etc/fstab and installing smartmontools =====

<code bash>

# modify /etc/fstab settings for /dev/sda1
sudo nano /etc/fstab

# change line
#/dev/sda1      /           ext4    defaults,noatime,nodiratime,commit=600,errors=remount-ro        0       0
# to this
/dev/sda1       /           ext4    defaults,errors=remount-ro        0       1
# Set the sixth field (fs_passno) from 0 to 1 or fsck will not check this drive 

# install tune2fs to modify the filesystem parameters
sudo tune2fs -l /dev/sda1
# check filesystem every 10 mounts
sudo tune2fs -c 10 /dev/sda1
# check filesystem after 7 days
sudo tune2fs -i 7d /dev/sda1

sudo reboot

# install smartmontools to monitor the drive S.M.A.R.T. data
sudo apt-get install smartmontools

#smartctl --info /dev/sda
#smartctl -P show /dev/sda
#smartctl --help
#smartctl -H /dev/sda
#smartctl -a /dev/sda
</code>